Search results for " WOOD"

He kept us out of war? : yleisen mielipiteen vaikutus Woodrow Wilsonin päätöksiin Yhdysvaltain liittymisestä ensimmäiseen maailmansotaan

2003

Forest management planning at different geographic levels in Italy: hierarchy, current tools and ongoing development

2009

This paper examines the current status of forest management tools and their pplication at different levels in Italy where the majority of land planning has been and is still being done at the “micro-scale”, meaning that specific local issues are dealt with locally. Starting from international European Union law, the authors review the forest acts that led from the National Forest Plan (NFP) to smaller scales, in relation to their geographic and territorial applicability. Scaling down from the NFP to the local level the various Italian forest programmes and plans are analysed according to a vertical logic (hierarchical mode): Regional Forest Programme (RFP), Territorial (i.e. sub-regional) F…

Release of copper-amended particles from micronized copper-pressure-treated wood during mechanical abrasion

2016

Background We investigated the particles released due to abrasion of wood surfaces pressure-treated with micronized copper azole (MCA) wood preservative and we gathered preliminary data on its in vitro cytotoxicity for lung cells. The data were compared with particles released after abrasion of untreated, water (0% MCA)-pressure-treated, chromated copper (CC)-pressure-treated wood, and varnished wood. Size, morphology, and composition of the released particles were analyzed. Results Our results indicate that the abrasion of MCA-pressure-treated wood does not cause an additional release of nanoparticles from the unreacted copper (Cu) carbonate nanoparticles from of the MCA formulation. Howev…

Driving forces affecting the adoption of certifications in the forest-based industry: a systematic literature review

2021

Several forest certification schemes have become increasingly popular over the last few decades as voluntary mechanisms to tack sustainability in the forest-based industry to an environmental, social, and economic paradigm. This study aims to systematically review the economic literature on the main motivational factors affecting the adoption of Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC) certifications in order to perform a broadly theoretical assessment of this research field and identify the most relevant driving forces affecting the adoption of third-party certification in the forest-based industry. Results reveal that the most relev…

Resource use of wood-inhabiting fungi in different boreal forest types

2017

Generalist species are usually widespread and abundant, and thrive in heterogeneous environments. Specialists, in turn, are generally more restricted in their range, and benefit from more stable conditions. Therefore, increasing human-induced disturbance can have more negative effects on specialist than generalist species. We assessed the specialization of 77 wood-inhabiting fungal species across seven boreal forest types and different substratum qualities. A significantly higher number of specialist species was associated with herb-rich forests and afforested fields than with managed coniferous forests and wood pastures, the number of specialists associated with natural coniferous forests …

Macrofungal diversity and ecology in two Mediterranean forest ecosystems.

2014

The macrofungal species richness and community assemblages in Italian native woodlands of oaks and Carpinus betulus and non-native woodlands of Pinus spp., Cupressus sempervirens and Eucalyptus camaldulensis were examined through the collection of basidiomata and ascomata over 1 year. The sampling in Collestrada (Umbria) and Pizzo Manolfo (Sicily) forests revealed 216 species of macrofungi. The results indicate differences in macromycete richness and diversity patterns between the two sites. The dominant tree species of the two sites were different; thus, the Collestrada forests had higher mycorrhizal species richness, while the Pizzo Manolfo forest had a higher relative number of saprotrop…

Characterisation of the microflora contaminating the wooden vats used for traditional Sicilian cheese production

2015

Traditional Sicilian cheese productions are carried out employing traditional wooden vats, called <em>tina.</em> Many studies have highlighted the beneficial role of wooden dairy equipment by contributing to enriching the milk microflora and improving the acidification processes. The present work was undertaken to evaluate the safety of the wooden vats used to coagulate milk. To this purpose, the different microbial populations hosted onto the internal surfaces of the vats used to produce two different stretched cheeses, namely <em>Caciocavallo Palermitano</em> and <em>Vastedda della valle del Belìce DOP</em>, were investigated for the presence of spoilag…

THE SAN VITO WOODEN PULPIT FROM MUSEO DIOCESANO OF PALERMO, ITALY: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH AND ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR DATING AND RESTORATION

2017

The aim of the present research is to investigate the constitutive materials and the execution techniques of San Vito wooden pulpit from Museo Diocesano of Palermo (Italy) and to provide helpful information to dating it in addition to technical, historical and artistic evaluations. The pulpit, attributed to unknown artist, belongs to the decorative arts and the most relevant feature is its double dating, in addition to the singular painting technique: it has a linear structure typical of XIXth century and three polychrome and gilded panels probably dated to the end of XVIIth century. This paper describes the application of analytical techniques (imaging diagnostics techniques, Scanning Elec…

Legni mediterranei Simulacri intagliati nella Sicilia del Settecento

2023

Il volume esamina, per la prima volta, i simulacri lignei del Settecento custoditi nelle chiese, nei Musei Diocesani e nelle collezioni private dell’Isola. Sono opere che, a grandezza naturale e di forte impatto emotivo, furono commissionate da prelati, confraternite, devoti e nobili. Le sculture, alcune restaurate altre in cattivo stato di conservazione, sono state approntate, secondo la pertinente temperie culturale, da artisti siciliani e napoletani, talora su prototipi di manufatti presenti a Roma. Divulgatori della produzione artistica capitolina in Sicilia furono l’architetto Giacomo Amato, il pittore Vito D’Anna, gli scultori Giovan Battista Ragusa e Ignazio Marabitti, non a caso doc…

New trials in the consolidation of waterlogged archaeological wood with different acetone-carried products

2011

Some acetone-carried consolidants for waterlogged archaeological wood were tested in order to evaluate treatments able to save time and energy. In details, colophony (rosin), two esterified colophonies (Rosin 100® and Rosin 459®), a mixture of colophony with PEG 3400 and a vinyl acetate - vinyl versate copolymer (Vinavil 8020S®) were tested. The treatments were carried out at temperatures of 20 and 35 °C on waterlogged maritime pine, elm, oak and beech. The materials came from the archaeological Site of the ancient ships of Pisa (Tuscany, Italy) and were dated back to VII cent. BC – II cent. AD. To evaluate the processes, equilibrium moisture content and dimensional stability of treated woo…